Back Muscles

Back Muscles

Posterior Thorax

1. Trapeze

Medial Insertion: Upper nuchal line, nuchal ligament and spinous processes from C7 to T12

Lateral Insertion: Posterior edge of the clavicle, acromion and spine of the scapula

Innervation: Accessory Nerve (XI cranial nerve) and Trapezius nerve (C3 & #8211; C4)

Action:

* Fixed in ColumnShoulder Elevation, Scapula Adduction, Superior Scapula Rotation and Shoulder Depression

* Fixed on the shoulder blade:

Unilateral contraction: Homolateral Tilt and Contralateral Head Rotation

Bilateral contraction: Head Extension

2. Very Late in Sleep

Medial Insertion: Spinous processes of the 6th last thoracic and all lumbar vertebrae, sacrum crest, 1/3 posterior iliac crest and outer face of the last 4 ribs

Lateral Insertion: Intertubercular Groove

Innervation: Thoracodorsal Nerve (C6 & #8211; C8)

Action: Adduction, Extension and Medial Rotation of the Arm. Shoulder Depression

3. ROMBOID

Medial Insertion: C7 to T5 spinous processes

Lateral Insertion: Medial border of the scapula

Innervation: Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C5)

Action: Adduction and Lower Rotation of the Scapulae and Shoulder Elevation

4. SCOPE LIFT

Lower Insertion: Upper Angle of Scapula

Superior Insertion: Transverse process from atlas to C4

Innervation: Dorsal Scapular Nerve (C5)

Action: Scapula Elevation and Adduction. Homolateral Tilting and Rotation of the Cervical Spine and Head Extension

5. MINOR POSTER-TOP SERRABLE

Medial Insertion: C7 to T3 spinous processes

Lateral Insertion: Upper edge and outer face of 2nd to 5th ribs

Innervation: Branches of the first 4 intercostal nerves

Action: Elevation of the first ribs (inspiratory action)

Test Your Muscle System Knowledge

6. MINOR POSTER LOWER POSTER

Medial Insertion: Thorny Processes from T11 to L3

Lateral Insertion: Bottom edge and outer face of the last 4 ribs

Innervation: 9th to 12th intercostal nerves

Action: Depression of last ribs (expiratory action)

Posterior Region of the Neck

1. HEAD SPLENDIUM

Superior Insertion: 1/3 lateral superior nuchal line and temporal bone mastoid process

Lower Insertion: C7 to T4 spinous processes

Innervation: Spinal nerves of the corresponding segment

Action: Extension, Tilt and Homolateral Head Rotation

2. NECK Splenium

Superior Insertion: Transverse process of the first 3 cervical vertebrae

Lower Insertion: Spinous process from T3 to T6

Innervation: Spinal nerves of the corresponding segment

Action: Extension, Tilt and Homolateral Head Rotation

3. SEMISPINHAL HEAD

Superior Insertion: Between the upper and lower nuchal line

Lower Insertion: Transverse process from T1 to T7 and articular processes from C5 to C7

Innervation: Spinal nerves of the corresponding segment

Action: Head Extension and Homolateral Head Tilt

Test your knowledge

4. NECK SPINE

Superior Insertion: Spinous process from C1 to C7

Lower Insertion: Transverse Processes from T1 to T6

Innervation: Spinal nerves (dorsal branches)

Action: Neck Extension and Contralateral Rotation

5. Semi-Thorax Thorax

Superior Insertion: Spinous Process C6 to T4

Lower Insertion: Transverse Processes from T6 to T10

Innervation: Spinal nerves (dorsal branches)

Action: Neck Extension and Contralateral Rotation

Suboccipitals & #8211; Suboccipital Trine

1. LARGER REAR HEAD STRAIGHT

Superior Insertion: Lower nuchal line

ILower Insert: Spiny axis process

Innervation: Cervical Plexus (C1)

Action: Head Extension and Contralateral Rotation

2. LOWER HEAD REAR STRAIGHT

Superior Insertion: Lower nuchal line

Lower Insertion: Atlas posterior arch tuber

Innervation: Cervical Plexus (C1)

Action: Head Extension

3. HEAD TOP OBLIQUE

Superior Insertion: Between the upper and lower nuchal lines

Lower Insertion: Atlas Transverse Process

Innervation: Cervical Plexus (C1)

Action: Extension, Homolateral Tilt, and Contralateral Head Rotation

4. LOWER HEAD OBLIGO

Superior Insertion: Atlas Transverse Process

Lower Insertion: Spiny axis process

Innervation: Cervical Plexus (C2)

Action: Atlas Extension and Homolateral Rotation

Spinal Gout Muscles & #8211; Paravertebral

SPINE ERRORS

SPINHAL (+ Medial)

Head Portion:

Attached to the semi-spinal head

Neck portion:
Source: Nucal ligament and spinous processes from C7 to T2
Insertion: C2 to C4 spinous processes

Chest Portion:
Source: Thorny Processes T11 to L2
Insertion: Upper thoracic spinous processes (ranges from 4 to 8)

Innervation: Spinal nerves (dorsal branches)

Action: Spinal Extension

LONG DORSAL (Intermediate)

Head portion:
Superior Insertion: Mastoid Process
Lower Insertion: T1 to T4 transverse processes and C4 to C7 joint processes

Neck portion:
Superior Insertion: Transverse Processes from C2 to C6
Lower Insertion: Transverse Processes from T1 to T4

Chest Portion:
Superior Insertion: Transverse processes of the thoracic vertebrae and the last 10 ribs
Lower Insertion: Transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae and lumbocostal aponeurosis

Innervation: Spinal nerves (dorsal branches)

Action: Spinal Homolateral Extension and Tilt

ILIOCOSTAL (+ Lateral)

Cervical portion:
Superior Insertion: Transverse Processes from C4 to C6
Lower Insertion: 3rd to 6th rib angle

Thoracic Portion:
Superior Insertion: Angle of the first 6 ribs and C7 transverse process
Lower Insertion: Angle of the last 6 ribs

Lumbar Portion:
Superior Insertion: Angle of the last 6 ribs
Lower Insertion: Sacral Dorsal Face

Innervation: Spinal nerves (dorsal branches)

Action: Spinal Homolateral Extension and Tilt

ROUTORS

Inserts: It extends from the sacrum to C2. They connect the transverse process of a vertebra with the spinous process of the overlying vertebra.

Innervation: Spinal nerves of the corresponding segment

Action: Contralateral Spinal Extension and Rotation

MULTIPLE

Source: Back of the sacrum, PPE, lumbar nipple processes, transverse thoracic process and joint processes from C4 to C7

Insertion: Spinous process of 3 to 5 vertebrae above

Innervation: Spinal nerves of the corresponding segment

Action: Spinal Stabilization and Extension

INTERTRANSVERSALS

Superior Insertion: Transverse process of upper vertebra

Lower Insertion: Transverse process of the lower vertebra

Innervation: Spinal nerves of the corresponding segment

Action: Homolateral Spinal Tilt

Interspecials

Superior Insertion: Spinous process of the upper vertebra

Lower Insertion: Spinous process of the lower vertebra

Innervation: Spinal nerves of the corresponding segment

Action: Spinal Extension

Back Muscles Rear View & #8211; Surface layer

Source: NETTER, Frank H .. Atlas of Human Anatomy. 2 ed. Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2000.

Back Muscles Rear View & #8211; Intermediate Layer

Source: NETTER, Frank H .. Atlas of Human Anatomy. 2 ed. Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2000.

Back Muscles Rear View & #8211; Deep layer

Source: NETTER, Frank H .. Atlas of Human Anatomy. 2 ed. Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2000.