ribs

The ribs are 12 pairs in number. They are elongated bones, in the form of semi-arches, connecting the thoracic vertebrae to the sternum.

Ribs are classified into:

  • 7 True Pairs : articulate directly to the sternum
  • 3 Proper False Pairs : indirectly articulate (cartilages)
  • 2 Floating False Pairs : they are free

1st rib

top face

  • Ventral sulcus – passage of the subclavian vein
  • Scalene tubercle – attachment of the anterior scalene muscle
  • Dorsal sulcus – passage of the subclavian artery
  • Tubercle of the Middle Scalene Muscle

2nd to 12th Ribs

Rear Extremity

  • Rib Head – part of the rib that articulates with the spine (thoracic vertebrae)
  • Rib Head Fovea
  • Rib Neck – flattened portion that extends laterally to the head
  • Rib tubercle – eminence on the posterior surface of the junction of the neck and body
  • Rib tubercle fovea
  • costal angle

Body (Diaphysis)

  • Inner face
  • Outer Face
  • Top Edge
  • Bottom Edge
  • Costal Groove (-2 Veins – 1 Artery – 1 Intercostal Nerve)
RIB - REAR VIEW
 Costela - Vista Posterior
Source: NETTER, Frank H.. Atlas of Human Anatomy. 2nd edition Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2000.
FIRST RIB AND TYPICAL RIB - TOP VIEW
 Primeira Costela e Costela Típica - Vista Superior
Source: NETTER, Frank H.. Atlas of Human Anatomy. 2nd edition Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2000.

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