Sacrum

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SACRUM

The sacrum is shaped like a quadrangular pyramid with the base facing up and the apex facing down. It articulates superiorly with the 5th Lumbar Vertebra and inferiorly with the Coccyx.

The sacrum is the fusion of five vertebrae and has 4 faces: two lateral, one anterior and one posterior.

Side Faces

The main accident of the lateral faces is the Ear Faces that serve as the point of articulation with the hip bone (iliac).

Anterior Face (Iliac)

It is concave and has four transverse ridges, which correspond to intervertebral discs. It has four anterior sacral foramina.

Posterior Face (Dorsal)

It is convex and has the following bone accidents:

Median Sacral Crest & #8211; presents three or four spinous processes.

Lateral Sacral Crest & #8211; formed by tubercles that represent the transverse processes of the sacral vertebrae.

Intermediate Sacral Crest & #8211; tubers produced by the fusion of joint processes.

Posterior Sacral Forams & #8211; laterally to the intermediate crest.

Sacral Hiatus & #8211; wide opening formed by the separation of the laminae of the fifth sacral vertebra and the posterior midline.

Sacral Horns & #8211; tubers representing posterior articular processes of the fifth sacral vertebra.

Base

Promontory

Sacral Wings

Upper Right and Left Joint Processes & #8211; articulate with the fifth lumbar vertebra.

Sacral Channel & #8211; vertebral canal of the sacrum.

Apex

Articulates with the coccyx.

SACRO & #8211; PREVIOUS VIEW

Source: NETTER, Frank H .. Atlas of Human Anatomy. 2 ed. Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2000.

SACRO & #8211; BACK VIEW

Source: NETTER, Frank H .. Atlas of Human Anatomy. 2 ed. Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2000.

SACRO & #8211; SIDE VIEW

Source: NETTER, Frank H .. Atlas of Human Anatomy. 2 ed. Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2000.

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